Cultural Differences in Outrage and Sympathy toward Viral Outrage on the Internet
- 주제(키워드) viral outrage , social proof path , disproportionate punishment path , culture , norm , sympathy , condemnation
- 발행기관 서강대학교 일반대학원
- 지도교수 나진경
- 발행년도 2026
- 학위수여년월 2026. 8
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 및 전공 일반대학원 심리학과
- 세부분야 해당없음
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/sogang/000000083243
- UCI I804:11029-000000083243
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록(요약문)
When an individual makes an offensive remark on social media and receives massive condemnation, two opposing psychological processes may unfold （Sawaoka ＆ Monin, 2020）. In the social proof path, observers perceive collective condemnation as a social norm, which amplifies their own outrage and results in further condemnation. In the disproportionate punishment path, observers perceive the condemnation as excessive, which elicits sympathy toward the transgressor and attenuates condemnation. The present research examined whether these two pathways differ across cultural contexts. It was predicted that the social proof path would be stronger in collectivistic cultures, such that the link between perceived norm and outrage would be stronger among Koreans than among European Americans, whereas the disproportionate punishment path would be stronger in individualistic cultures, such that the link between perceived excessiveness and sympathy would be stronger among European Americans than among Koreans. Across two pre-registered studies （N = 405; N = 924） comparing Korean and European American participants, moderated mediation analyses consistently supported both predictions. The link through which perceiving others' condemnation as a social norm （perceived norm） translated into personal anger toward the transgressor （outrage） was stronger among Korean participants, whereas the link through which perceiving others' condemnation as disproportionate （perceived excessiveness） translated into sympathy toward the transgressor was stronger among European American participants. Study 2 replicated the cultural differences in both pathways using a larger sample and a differentstimulus, and further extended these findings to behavioral outcomes, including willingness to condemn and comfort the transgressor and actual written comments, with the same pattern of cultural moderation emerging across all outcome measures. These findings suggest that the two pathways through which viral outrage shapes condemnation operate differently across cultural contexts, highlighting the role of culture in moderating collective online condemnation.
more목차
INTRODUCTION 1
Two Opposing Pathways of Viral Outrage: The Social Proof Path and the Disproportionate Punishment Path 4
Psychological Characteristics of Western and East Asian Cultures 6
Cultural Variation in Conformity and Norm Sensitivity 7
Cultural Variation in the Social Proof Path 8
Cultural Variation in Empathy 10
Cultural Variation in the Disproportionate Punishment Path 10
Present Research 12
STUDY 1 15
Method 15
Participants 15
Procedure 16
Results 21
Stimulus Equivalence across Cultures 21
Regression Analysis 21
Moderated Mediation Analysis 26
Discussion 29
STUDY 2 30
Method 30
Participants 30
Procedure 31
Results 36
Stimulus Equivalence across Cultures 36
Regression Analysis 36
Moderated Mediation Analysis 40
Discussion 44
GENERAL DISCUSSION 46
Theoretical Implications 49
Practical Implications 53
Limitations and Future research 54
REFERENCES 57
