서강대학교

목차

Abstract vi
List of Figures viii
List of Tables xii
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Background 2
1.1.1 Hydrogen Separation 2
1.1.2 Membrane Technology for Gas Separation 4
1.2 Gas Transport Mechanism in Polymeric Membranes 6
1.2.1 Sorption 7
1.2.2 Diffusion 11
1.2.3 Solution-Diffusion Mechanism 13
1.3 Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) 15
1.4 Challenges for Gas Separation Membranes 17
1.4.1 Trade-off Relationship between Permeability and Selectivity 17
1.4.2 Non-selective Voids in Mixed-Matrix Membranes 20
1.4.3 Particle Activation for Residual Solvent Removal 21

Chapter 2. Materials and Experimental Methods 22
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Materials 25
2.3 Synthesis of ZIF-9 and AZIF-9 26
2.3.1 ZIF-9 26
2.3.2 Alkylamine modulated ZIF-9 (AZIF-9) 27
2.4 Activation Methods of AZIF-9 28
2.4.1 Thermal Activation 28
2.4.2 Solvent Activation 28
2.4.3 Supercritical CO2 Activation 29
2.5 Membrane Fabrication 30
2.5.1 Fabrication of Pristine Polymeric Membranes 30
2.5.2 Fabrication of Mixed-Matrix Membranes 31
2.6 Gas Transport Characterizations 32
2.7 Supplementary Characterizations 34
2.7.1 X-ray Diffraction (XRD) 34
2.7.2 Gas adsorption isotherms 35
2.7.3 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 36
2.7.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 37
2.7.5 High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) 38
2.7.6 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) 39
2.7.7 Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) 40

Chapter 3. Results and Discussions 42
3.1 Synthesis of ZIF-9 Using Tributylamine Modulation 43
3.2 Activation of ZIF-9: Thermal, Methanol-Exchanged, and Supercritical CO2-Assisted Activations 49
3.3 AZIF-9-Containing Mixed-Matrix Membranes 61
3.4 Gas Transport Characterizations 76
3.4.1 Single Gas Permeation Properties of MMMs 76
3.4.2 Comparison with Other Polymeric Membrane Performance 85

Summary 90

References 92