서강대학교

목차

INTRODUCTION 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 10
I. Theoretical Foundations 10
1. Deindividuation Theory 10
1.1 Historical Background and Key Concepts 10
1.2 Early Research and Foundational Studies 12
2. Transition from Deindividuation Theory to SIDE Model 14
3. Self-Awareness Theory 17
3.1 Overview of Self-Awareness Theory 17
3.2 Distinction between Private Self-Awareness and Public Self-Awareness 19
4. Application to Online Community 20
4.1 Relevance of SIDE and Self-Awareness Theory in the Context of Online Communities 20
4.2 Role of Group Identification in Online Communities 22
4.3 The Role of Anonymity on Group Identification 23
4.4 The Role of Perceived Anonymity on Self-Awareness 24
4.5 The Role of Group Identification on Self-Awareness 26
4.6 How These Theories Explain Group Behavior in Online Environments 28
II. Online Community Usage 30
1. Overview of Online Communities 30
1.1 Definition and Scope 30
1.2 Types of Activities: Content Use and Participation 32
1.3 Types of Communities: Conservative and Progressive 33
2. Behavioral Impact 35
2.1 The Role of Online Community Usage on Group Identification 35
2.2 Impact of Online Community Usage on Individual and Group Behavior 36
2.3 Impact of Online Community Usage on Xenophobia 36
III. Group Norm Conformity: Defense Mechanism and Perceived Heterogeneity 37
IV. Outcomes: Xenophobia 41
1. Definition and Theoretical Perspectives on Xenophobia 41
2. Empirical Studies Linking Group Behavior to Xenophobia 43
RESEARCH FRAMEWORK 46
1. Research Model 46
2. Research Hypotheses and Questions 46
RESEARCH METHOD 48
1. Participants 48
2. Procedure 49
3. Sociodemographic Characteristics 50
4. Measurement 52
4.1. Perceived Anonymity. 52
4.2. Online Community Usage 52
4.3. Group Identification 52
4.4. Public Self-awareness 53
4.5. Group Norm Conformity 53
4.6. Xenophobia toward Chinese 56
4.7. Filtering Questions 56
4.8. Demographic Questions 57
5. Analysis Approach 59
RESULTS 60
1. Confirmatory Factor Analysis 60
2. Descriptive Statistics 64
3. Correlation Matrix 66
4. Hypothesis Testing 68
4.1. Model Fit for Structural Equation Model 68
4.2. Direct Relationships Among Main Variables 69
4.3. Indirect Relationships Among Main Variables 71
4.4. Comparison Between Conservative and Progressive Communities 73
4.4.1. Measurement and Configural Invariance 73
4.4.2. Model Fit for Multigroup Comparison 74
4.4.3. Direct Effects Analysis 75
4.4.4. Pairwise Parameter Comparison 78
4.4.5. Indirect Effects Analysis 81
4.5. Addressing High Path Coefficients 83
5. Final Model 86
5.1. Model Fit for the Final Model 88
5.2. Direct Effect Analysis in Final Model 88
5.3. Indirect Effect Analysis in Final Model 90
5.4. Direct Effects Comparison by Conservative and Progressive Communities in the Final Model 92
5.5. Indirect Effects Comparison by Conservative and Progressive Communities in the Final Model 95
6. Exploration of Content Consumption 97
6.1. Model Fit Analysis 97
6.2. Direct Effects Analysis 98
6.3. Indirect Effects Analysis 99
6.4. Comparison Between Conservative and Progressive Communities 100
6.4.1. Model Fit for Multigroup Comparison 100
6.4.2. Direct Effects Analysis 101
6.4.3. Indirect Effects Analysis 103
DISCUSSION 104
1. Summary of Key Findings 104
2. Discussion of Findings 107
2.1. High Correlation Between Public and Private Self-Awareness 107
2.2. Measurement Validity of Xenophobia: Discrepancy Between CFA and EFA Results 108
2.3. Comparison of Group Norm Conformity Between Conservative and Progressive Communities 109
2.4. Distinct Effects of Group Identification Between Progressive and Conservative Communities 110
2.5. Negative Relationship Between Perceived Anonymity and Group Identification 111
2.6. Strong Effect of Active Participation on Group Identification 113
2.7. Dual Enhancement of Public and Private Self-Awareness Through Group Identification 114
2.8. Effects of Public Self-Awareness on Group Norm Conformity 115
2.9. Differential Effects of Group Norm Conformity on Xenophobia 116
2.10. Differential Effects of Anonymity on Xenophobic Attitudes 117
2.11. Content Consumption's Distinct Pathways to Xenophobia: A Cultivation Perspective 119
3. Theoretical Implications 121
3.1. Challenging SIDE's Assumptions on Anonymity 121
3.2. Reconsidering SIDE and Self-Awareness Theory in Online Communities 124
3.3. Simultaneous Patterns of Public and Private Self-Awareness 127
3.4. The Roles of Environmental and User Engagement Factors in Group Norm Conformity 129
4. Practical Implications 129
5. Limitations 133
REFERENCE 139